Una migración sostenible como resultado de la generación de ventajas competitivas en zonas rurales deshabitadas

Zusammenfassung

Population tends to concentrate in certain areas leaving huge spaces alomost abandoned. This is a global phenomenon; in Spain it is called "Empty Spain" and refers to rural zones that are experimenting depopulation and lack of infrastructures. These are usually economically depressed regions where young people leave because of a lack of opportunities. This article proposes a solution based on the creation of competitive advantages in these areas using the context of Schumpeter's Creative Destruction theory. Entrepreneurship and innovation are also key factors as well as the application of a systemic approach. A sustainable and controlled migration is also required to tackle this issue. Another important matter is the intergration of migrants in these rural areas. Some cases of success (rural development) in Europe are analyzed in order to gain understanding on how to create competitive advantage. Private and public actions are needed to prevent these areas from further depopulation. The key is to exploit the potential and advantages of these regions, these are many ways to achieve competitive advantages beyond agriculture, local products or tourism.